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cheapbag214s · Posted: Tue 9:02, 13 Aug 2013 Post subject: Figures of Speech

Figures of Speech
Dear Figaro,First I'd like to say thanks for ruining my fun of being a tribe member. After reading your book everything I watch and listen to is running through a filter in my head- Is it blame, values,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], or choice? Is it ethos, pathos or logos? Or simply trying to identify things in speech or on a sitcom. My question is about Jeremiah Wright and his speeches. Occasionally he will say something to the effect of "Turn to somebody and say ----." Is he establishing the groups code language? Is there a name for having audience participation as a part of the argument? ThanksKinznerDear Kinz,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],Ah, the call and response! The Rev adds a different twist--the Church Greeting--to call and response. You know, when Protestants painfully turn to one another and say hello. But Wright goes even further, planting words in the audience's mouth. Pirsig (Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance): "When one person suffers from a delusion, it is called insanity. When many people suffer from a delusion it is called Religion."JackDear Jack,It's a SYNCRISIS combined with an ISOCOLON. Especially where politics is concerned. Being British,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], I have always assumed that those running my country would speak the part as well as--perhaps instead of?--acting it. However, in the face of the popular accusation that American politicians are the intellectual inferiors of their transatlantic cousins(popular here, that is) I have always defended Senators and Representatives, and even Presidents,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], on the basis that they have to play a different game than MPs do. As you state in your final chapter, the British public still expects a politician to be first and foremost a good orator. Jolly, jolly good. How does one single-handedly rhetorize an entire nation? By insisting on rhetorical education in one's school district. And by quitting one's political party. At a time of deep political division, the independents have all the power. And who are the independents in America? The voters who vote the least, follow the news the least, and have the least education. What do we call this and have you a classic example?Thanks,mstoneDear s (or may I call you "m"?),Hillary uses a nice CERATIN, the horns of a dilemma. ("Ceratinae" means "made of horn."). DILEMMA itself is Greek for "double proposition." The figure presents the opponent with two unsavory or impossible choices. A classic example in rhetoric is the man who asked a famous rhetorician to teach him on speculation. "I'll pay you when I used the skills you teach me to win a case," the man said. The rhetorician immediately sued the man, saying, "If you win, you have to pay me. If you lose, the court will make you pay me."Fig.
Dear Figaro, I recently watched the film "Thank you for smoking". The spokesman for tobacco says something like, "I attack the other guy, and if others see he's wrong, then I must be right." Is this a simple ad hominem attack or what?Thanks,NealDear Neal,Attacking the other guy is the very definition of ad hominem. But assuming you're right because everything else thinks the other guy is wrong constitutes an ad populum -- an appeal to the people. It's a fallacy that says if the masses approve, it must be true. Of course, in rhetoric,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], that's not really a fallacy; what most people believe forms a political truth. There's a negative connotation of overly elaborate speech, according to the Oxford English Dictionary. But Shakespeare found the subtler meaning as always: "I would rather coin my heart" than steal money from peasants, Brutus says in "Julius Caesar." Could the Bard coin or what?Fig.
Dear Figaro,I am interested in learning more about AUTOPHASIA. Can you suggest any sites, etc.? Except for this great site, I can't find references to the rhetorical figure. You provided some useful examples of its usage-if you have more, please share! I'm trying to differentiate Autophasia from Catch -22,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], if there is in fact a difference. I gather it is a type of self-referential paradox like the "Liar's Paradox" or the "Exception Paradox" ("if every rule has an exception."). Thanks for your help! I really enjoy dropping by this site to see what figures are being exploredPamelaDear Pamela,There is a slight distinction between an AUTOPHASIA and the Catch-22: the autophasia is a rule or principle that can be executed only by violating it. The original Catch-22 was a logical closed loop. In order to be discharged, a soldier had to be insane. (Some scientists claim they can tell from an MRI examination of a person's brain whether the person is lying or telling the truth,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], guilty or innocent,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], violent or non-violent, etc.) I was struck by one quotation and felt the need to send it to you for your analysis. A Stanford Law Professor, Hank Greely,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], urges a cautious approach. "I think we should be skeptical about these claims," he is quoted as saying. "We need to not rush into it. But we also need not to ignore it." I am guessing this is an example of some esoteric figure of speech. Your thoughts?SteveDear Steve,All neuroscientists and law professors should study rhetoric. Brain scans have proven all kinds of stuff that Figaro's pals Aristotle, Isocrates,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Gorgias,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and Cicero knew already. For example,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], when you use a balanced figure like a CHIASMUS or one of the repetition figures, your audience's brain fires up to complete the figure. ("Either we can let the law rule the president, or we can let the president.") Acting agreeably fires up the pleasure center of the brain. You asked a question. Prof. Greely is employing an ANTISAGOGE (an tih sa GO gee), the on the one hand, on the other hand figure of thought. From the Greek for "balancing arguments,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]," the antisagoge makes you sound reasonable and fair-minded. Combine it with the RELUCTANT CONCLUSION (see p. PatrickDear Patrick,Ah,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], but said blowhards actually use an ethical strategy. I'm a vegetarian, and want to nudge her into staying veg. So, I wanted to bring up how a while back I showed her a couple of books she turned out falling in love with,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], to remind her that I have good opinions. Do you take a class purely about them for your english major?Thanks, AlexDear Alex,Reminding your friend of your brilliant taste in books enhances your PHRONESIS, or your audience's belief in your practical wisdom. Giving fish, fowl and folks superpowers constitute a form of HYPERBOLE, or exaggeration. There is a word for everything, but Figaro can't think of it. I'd love to see you dissect it. A senator compared a bill with the baby that King Solomon offered to split up. He said it made for an ugly baby. Senator Chris Buttars responded "This is a black baby. ("It was a terrible night.
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